The evidence is rapidly accumulating that dogs can smell some forms of cancer. In a recent study, dogs were trained to identify lung cancer by smelling exhaled breath samples from patients. They were able to identify 71% of the lung cancer samples and were not confused by samples from patients with other lung disorders. The results indicate that lung cancer cells produce a chemical that ends up in exhaled breath. Unfortunately, the dogs were not able to tell the researchers the identity of that chemical.
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