In early stage prostate cancer, some patients do not receive surgery, instead, they are followed by 'watchful-waiting', a close monitoring of their disease. A long-term study by Swedish researchers has shown that surgery is beneficial, even for early stage cancer. Men who had surgery had a reduced chance of dying from the disease. The benefits are greatest for patients diagnosed before they are 65. The authors note that surgery can have serious long-term side effects that must be discussed with all patients.
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